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The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1] They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017. [2] The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).
In games regulated by the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL), this is generally done using a form with a standard format. [3] The ACBL General Conditions of Contest specify that "Each member of a partnership must have a completely filled out convention card available for the opponents." [4] Convention card formats may vary by jurisdiction ...
North - opens the bidding with '1 Heart' East - overcalls by bidding '1 Spade' South - responds by bidding '2 hearts' West - makes a bid of '4 Spades' This bid by West, because it has raised the level of the auction by more than 1 (from 2 hearts to 4 spades), is known as a 'jump bid' and most regulating authorities require him to either say ...
At first glance, it may seem that the odds are now even, 1:1, so that South should expect to do equally well with either of the two possible continuations. However, the principle of restricted choice tells us that while both lies of the cards are possible, the probabilities are 2:1 in favour of assuming West holds Q32 and to therefore play the ten.
The difference in percentages is so close (the Bridge Encyclopedia states that the finesse is a 50% probability of success holding 8 cards, while the drop has a 53% holding 9 cards) that the slightest inference might influence a player to choose to finesse or to drop with nine cards.
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Straight Blackwood is used and not the Roman Key Card Blackwood or other variation. In response to a 2 ♣ opening, the 2 ♦ response is the "waiting" version of that response. In response to a weak-two opening, RONF ("Raise Only Non-Force") is used. The Jacoby 2NT is used to show a game-forcing raise of a major suit with four-card support.
Fourth suit forcing (also referred to as fourth suit artificial; [1] abbreviated as FSF or 4SF) is a contract bridge convention that allows responder to create, at his second turn to bid, a forcing auction. A bid by responder in the fourth suit, the only remaining unbid suit, is artificial indicating that responder has no appropriate alternate ...