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The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M 2, also known as the cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2, is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor that in humans is encoded by the CHRM2 gene. [5] Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [5] It is G i-coupled, reducing intracellular levels of cAMP.
The structure of Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2. ACh is always used as the neurotransmitter within the autonomic ganglion.Nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic neuron are responsible for the initial fast depolarization (Fast EPSP) of that neuron.
Examples of GIRKs include a subset of potassium channels in the heart, which, when activated by parasympathetic signals such as acetylcholine through M2 muscarinic receptors, causes an outward current of potassium, which slows down the heart rate.
A muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, also simply known as a muscarinic agonist or as a muscarinic agent, is an agent that activates the activity of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. [1] The muscarinic receptor has different subtypes, labelled M1-M5, allowing for further differentiation.
The M1 muscarinic receptors are located in the neural system. The M2 muscarinic receptors are located in the heart, and act to bring the heart back to normal after the actions of the sympathetic nervous system: slowing down the heart rate, reducing contractile forces of the atrial cardiac muscle, and reducing conduction velocity of the ...
It preferentially binds to the pre-synaptic receptor M2, a muscarinic acetylcholine ganglionic protein complex present basically in heart cells. In normal conditions -absence of methoctramine-, the activation of M2 receptors diminishes the speed of conduction of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes thus reducing the heart rate.
Experimental studies observed that activating autoantibodies to the beta1/2-adrenergic and M2 muscarinic receptors are associated with atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with hyperthyroidism. [15] Additional research into the prevalence of these biomarkers in Grave's disease (grave's hyperthyroidism) showed facilitated triggering of pulmonary ...
AFDX-384 (BIBN-161) is a drug which acts as a selective antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, with selectivity for the M 2 and M 4 subtypes. It is used mainly for mapping the distribution of M 2 and M 4 muscarinic receptors in the brain, and studying their involvement in the development and treatment of dementia and schizophrenia.