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The substances cause an increase in the osmotic pressure within the tubule, causing retention of water within the lumen, and thus reduces the reabsorption of water, increasing urine output (i.e., diuresis). The same effect can be seen in therapeutics such as mannitol, which is used to increase urine output and decrease extracellular fluid volume.
551 11998 Ensembl ENSG00000101200 ENSMUSG00000037727 UniProt P01185 P35455 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000490 NM_009732 RefSeq (protein) NP_000481 NP_033862 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 3.08 – 3.08 Mb Chr 2: 130.42 – 130.42 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized ...
A diuretic (/ ˌ d aɪ j ʊ ˈ r ɛ t ɪ k /) is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. This includes forced diuresis. A diuretic tablet is sometimes colloquially called a water tablet. There are several categories of diuretics. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, through the kidneys ...
In those in which an underlying cause cannot be found, or is untreatable, treatments are targeted to alleviating correcting the hypoosmolality and hyponatremia. [2] These include restriction of fluid intake, using salt tablets (sometimes with diuretics), urea supplements, intravenous saline, or increasing protein intake. [2]
In the absence of diabetes mellitus, the most common causes are the decreased secretion of aldosterone due to adrenal cortical tumor, primary polydipsia (excessive fluid drinking), central diabetes insipidus, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [6] Polyuria may also be due to various chemical substances, such as diuretics, caffeine, and ethanol.
Reduction of fluid has little effect on the concentration of the urine. [1] Complications may include dehydration or seizures. [1] There are four types of DI, each with a different set of causes. [1] Central DI (CDI), also known as arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), [5] is due to a lack of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) production. [1]
The kidney in humans is capable of producing glucose from lactate, glycerol and glutamine. The kidney is responsible for about half of the total gluconeogenesis in fasting humans. The regulation of glucose production in the kidney is achieved by action of insulin, catecholamines and other hormones. [14]
Both cause excessive urination (hence the similarity in name), but whereas diabetes insipidus is a problem with the production of antidiuretic hormone (neurogenic diabetes insipidus) or the kidneys' response to antidiuretic hormone (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus), diabetes mellitus causes polyuria via osmotic diuresis, due to the high blood ...