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For example, even though most implementations of C and C++ on 32-bit systems define type int to be four octets, this size may change when code is ported to a different system, breaking the code. The exception to this is the data type char, which always has the size 1 in any standards-compliant C implementation
The C++ Standard Library provides base classes unary_function and binary_function to simplify the definition of adaptable unary functions and adaptable binary functions. Adaptable function objects are important, because they can be used by function object adaptors: function objects that transform or manipulate other function objects.
As another example, the bitand keyword may be used to replace not only the bitwise-and operator but also the address-of operator, and it can be used to specify reference types (e.g., int bitand ref = n). The ISO C specification makes allowance for these keywords as preprocessor macros in the header file iso646.h.
Most programming languages support binary operators and a few unary operators, with a few supporting more operands, such as the ?: operator in C, which is ternary. There are prefix unary operators, such as unary minus -x, and postfix unary operators, such as post-increment x++; and binary operations are infix, such as x + y or x = y.
The successor function, denoted , is a unary operator.Its domain and codomain are the natural numbers; its definition is as follows: : (+) In some programming languages such as C, executing this operation is denoted by postfixing ++ to the operand, i.e. the use of n++ is equivalent to executing the assignment := ().
In programming the two's complement, address reference, and the logical NOT operators are examples of unary operators. All functions in lambda calculus and in some functional programming languages (especially those descended from ML) are technically unary, but see n-ary below.
In Object Pascal, RTTI can be used to perform safe type casts with the as operator, test the class to which an object belongs with the is operator, and manipulate type information at run time with classes contained in the RTTI unit [5] (i.e. classes: TRttiContext, TRttiInstanceType, etc.). In Ada, objects of tagged types also store a type tag ...
This can be understood as taking a null pointer of type structure st, and then obtaining the address of member m within said structure. While this implementation works correctly in many compilers, it has generated some debate regarding whether this is undefined behavior according to the C standard, [2] since it appears to involve a dereference of a null pointer (although, according to the ...