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An academic doctorate such as the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is a terminal degree for expanding human knowledge through research and dissertation defense. A professional doctorate is a terminal degree for licensure in an occupation, such as the Doctor of Medicine (MD), Juris Doctor (JD), and Doctor of Engineering (EngD). [6]
The Juris Magister is the graduate-level professional law degree in China, which is regarded as the counterpart of a Juris Doctor. [104] In fall 2008, the Shenzhen graduate campus of Peking University started the School of Transnational Law, which offers a United States-style education and awards a Chinese Juris Doctor degree. [105]
In the Czech Republic and Slovakia the Doctor is a postgraduate degree in two types – as a professional degree in law (JUDr) and a research doctorate (PhD). JUDr, Juris Utriusque Doctor ('Doctor of Both Laws' i.e. Civil [secular] and Church [Canon] laws) is a degree with a tradition of several centuries, originally the highest possible degree ...
Additionally, there are a number of lower level (in terms of academic advancement) professional doctorates such as the Doctor of Medicine and the Juris Doctor that do not have a dissertation research component. In contrast to other countries worldwide a doctoral program generally requires the completion of a program of academic coursework in ...
It is the degree usually required to practice law in the United States, and the final degree obtained by most practitioners in the field. Juris Doctor programs at law schools are usually three-year programs if done full-time, or four-year programs if done via evening classes. Some U.S. law schools include an Accelerated JD program.
Legum Doctor (known as the LL.D., or in some jurisdictions Doctor of Laws) is in some jurisdictions the highest academic degree in law and is equivalent to a Ph.D., and in others is an honorary degree only. Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) is a research doctorate in law awarded mostly in the United States and Canada.
Master of Jurisprudence is sometimes used as an alternative name for both Master of Laws and Master of Juridical Science.. Offered within United States law schools, students of a Master of Jurisprudence (abbreviated as M.J. and/or M.Jur.), curriculum are often business professionals and/or Juris Doctor degree holders who wish to enhance their knowledge in a specialized field of law.
Doctor of Medicine (MD or MD (Res)) [4] [8] (In most universities this degree is a first doctorate, although some classify it as a higher doctorate.) Doctor of Occupational Psychology (DOccPsych) [8] Doctor of Psychology (DPsych) [8] Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) [4] [8] Professional Doctorate in Workplace Health and Wellbeing (DocWHW) [18 ...