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It was the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow (or Muscovy) and then the Tsardom of Russia until the capital was moved to Saint Petersburg by Peter the Great. Moscow was the capital of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918, which then became the Soviet Union (1922 to 1991), and since 1991 has served as capital of the ...
The Battle of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a 600 km (370 mi) sector of the Eastern Front during World War II, between October 1941 and January 1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union.
The administrative capital was tentatively proposed as Moscow, the historical and political center of the Russian state. As the German armies were approaching the Soviet capital in the Operation Typhoon in the autumn of 1941, Hitler determined that Moscow, like Leningrad and Kiev, would be levelled and its 4 million inhabitants killed, to destroy it as a potential center of Bolshevist resistance.
The entry of the Soviet Union in the war against Japan along with the atomic bombings by the United States led to Japan's surrender, marking the end of World War II. The Soviet Union suffered the greatest number of casualties in the war, losing more than 20 million citizens, about a third of all World War II casualties.
World War I: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. 30 July: World War I: Russia mobilized its army to defend Serbia. 1 August: World War I: Germany declared war on Russia in defense of Austria-Hungary. 1915: 2 May: Gorlice–Tarnów offensive: The German army launched an offensive across the length of the Eastern Front. 4 August
The 1941–1945 period of World War II is known in Russia as the Great Patriotic War. [152] The Soviet Union, along with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II, and later became the Four Policemen, which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council.
Moscow [a] is the capital and largest city of Russia.The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at over 13 million residents within the city limits, [6] over 19.1 million residents in the urban area, [7] and over 21.5 million residents in its metropolitan area. [14]
The Establishment of Soviet power in Russia (in Soviet historiography, «Triumphal Procession of Soviet Power») was the process of establishing Soviet power throughout the territory of the former Russian Empire, with the exception of areas occupied by the troops of the Central Powers, following the seizure of power by Bolsheviks in Petrograd on 7 November 1917 [O.S. 25 October], and in mostly ...