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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), is a rare condition in which parts of the brain are affected by swelling, usually as a result of an underlying cause.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome has a similar presentation, and is found in 10–38% of RCVS patients. [1] RCVS is diagnosed by detecting diffuse reversible cerebral vasoconstriction. [1] Catheter angiography is ideal, but computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography can identify about 70% of cases. [1]
Hypertensive encephalopathy (HE) is general brain dysfunction due to significantly high blood pressure. [3] Symptoms may include headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, and confusion. [1] Onset is generally sudden. [1] Complications can include seizures, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and bleeding in the back of the eye. [1] [3]
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare clinical disease characterized by cerebral edema. [12] The exact pathophysiology, or cause, of the syndrome is still debated but is hypothesized to be related to the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. [12]
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can also result from medication toxicity. [4] [8] [12] Symptoms similar to those of leukoencephalopathy patients have been seen in PRES patients. However, the prognosis of toxic leukoencephalopathy is typically slightly worse than that of PRES because toxic leukoencephalopathy is more likely ...
Ifosfamide can cause a severe encephalopathy (but it can be reversible with stopping use of the drug and starting the use of methylene blue). [5] Bevacizumab and other anti–vascular endothelial growth factor medication can cause posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. [5]
Some neurological syndromes outside of the ACR classification may also be considered NPSLE manifestations. These include neuromyelitis optica, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, small fiber neuropathy, [4] and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome. [5]
Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome; Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts. It can also refer to gene MLC1 or Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1, a human gene related to the former disease. Hypertensive leukoencephalopathy; The classification of leukoencephalopathies is a matter of ...