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  2. Ocean observations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_observations

    This data set includes observations of a number of the surface ocean and atmospheric variables from ships, moored and drifting buoys and C-MAN stations. In 2006, Ocean Networks Canada began collecting high-resolution in-situ measurements from the seafloor in Saanich Inlet , near Victoria, British Columbia , Canada . [ 9 ]

  3. Atlantic multidecadal oscillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_multidecadal...

    Evidence for a multidecadal climate oscillation centered in the North Atlantic began to emerge in 1980s work by Folland and colleagues, seen in Fig. 2.d.A. [5] That oscillation was the sole focus of Schlesinger and Ramankutty in 1994, [6] but the actual term Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) was coined by Michael Mann in a 2000 telephone interview with Richard Kerr, [7] as recounted by ...

  4. Ocean dynamical thermostat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_dynamical_thermostat

    As part of that study, they found that increased equilibrium temperatures drive an increased temperature gradient between the eastern and western Pacific. [8] The ocean dynamical thermostat mechanism was described in a dedicated publication by Clement et al. 1996 in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model of the equatorial ocean. Since in the western ...

  5. UAH satellite temperature dataset - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UAH_satellite_temperature...

    Data are provided as temperature anomalies against the seasonal average over a past basis period, as well as in absolute temperature values. The baseline period for the published temperature anomalies was changed in January 2021 from 1981-2010 to 1991-2020. [4] All the data products can be downloaded from the UAH server. [5]

  6. Sea surface temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_surface_temperature

    A wet-bulb temperature at 500 hPa in a tropical atmosphere of −13.2 °C (8.2 °F) is required to initiate convection if the water temperature is 26.5 °C (79.7 °F), and this temperature requirement increases or decreases proportionally by 1 °C in the sea surface temperature for each 1 °C change at 500 hpa.

  7. Multivariate ENSO index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_ENSO_index

    The multivariate ENSO index, abbreviated as MEI, is a method used to characterize the intensity of an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Given that ENSO arises from a complex interaction of a variety of climate systems, MEI is regarded as the most comprehensive index for monitoring ENSO since it combines analysis of multiple meteorological and oceanographic components.

  8. Jason-3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason-3

    Jason-3 is a satellite altimeter created by a partnership of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and National Aeronautic and Space Administration (), and is an international cooperative mission in which National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is partnering with the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES, French space agency).

  9. Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Temperature...

    Making global measurements of ocean temperature and salinity (T-S) quickly and easily accessible to users is the primary goal of the GTSPP. Both real time data transmitted over the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), and delayed-mode data received by NCEI are acquired and incorporated into a continuously managed database.