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  2. Semantic change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_change

    Semantic change (also semantic shift, semantic progression, semantic development, or semantic drift) is a form of language change regarding the evolution of word usage—usually to the point that the modern meaning is radically different from the original usage.

  3. Grammatical modifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_modifier

    In linguistics, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure [1] which modifies the meaning of another element in the structure. For instance, the adjective "red" acts as a modifier in the noun phrase "red ball", providing extra details about which particular ball is being referred to.

  4. Obfuscation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscation

    Obfuscation is the obscuring of the intended meaning of communication by making the message difficult to understand, usually with confusing and ambiguous language. The obfuscation might be either unintentional or intentional (although intent usually is connoted), and is accomplished with circumlocution (talking around the subject), the use of jargon (technical language of a profession), and ...

  5. Figure of speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_speech

    Schemes (from the Greek schēma, 'form or shape') are figures of speech that change the ordinary or expected pattern of words. For example, the phrase, "John, my best friend" uses the scheme known as apposition. Tropes (from Greek trepein, 'to turn') change the general meaning of words. An example of a trope is irony, which is the use of words ...

  6. Metonymy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonymy

    In other words, Isocrates proposes here that metaphor is a distinctive feature of poetic language because it conveys the experience of the world afresh and provides a kind of defamiliarisation in the way the citizens perceive the world. [32] Democritus described metonymy by saying, "Metonymy, that is the fact that words and meaning change."

  7. Subjectification (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjectification_(linguistics)

    It later acquired the meaning of 'although', indicating a concession on the part of the speaker ("While it could use a tune-up, it's a good bike."). [1] This is a pragmatic-semantic process, which means that inherent as well as contextual meanings of the given expression are considered. Subjectification is realized in lexical and

  8. Morphology (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)

    Similar to other languages, words in Pingelapese can take different forms to add to or even change its meaning. Verbal suffixes are morphemes added at the end of a word to change its form. Prefixes are those that are added at the front. For example, the Pingelapese suffix –kin means 'with' or 'at.' It is added at the end of a verb.

  9. Language change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_change

    Language change is the process of alteration in the features of a single language, or of languages in general, over time. It is studied in several subfields of linguistics : historical linguistics , sociolinguistics , and evolutionary linguistics .