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Flowchart showing baroreceptor reflex. The baroreflex or baroreceptor reflex is one of the body's homeostatic mechanisms that helps to maintain blood pressure at nearly constant levels. The baroreflex provides a rapid negative feedback loop in which an elevated blood pressure causes the heart rate to decrease. Decreased blood pressure decreases ...
Reflex responses from such baroreceptor activity can trigger increases or decreases in the heart rate. Arterial baroreceptor sensory endings are simple, splayed nerve endings that lie in the tunica adventitia of the artery. An increase in the mean arterial pressure increases depolarization of these sensory endings, which results in action ...
Baroreflex or baroreceptor reflex — homeostatic countereffect to a sudden elevation or reduction in blood pressure detected by the baroreceptors in the aortic arch, carotid sinuses, etc. Bezold-Jarisch reflex — involves a variety of cardiovascular and neurological processes which cause hypopnea and bradycardia.
High pressure receptors or high pressure baroreceptors are the baroreceptors found within the aortic arch and carotid sinus. They are only sensitive to blood pressures above 60 mmHg . When these receptors are activated they elicit a depressor response; which decreases the heart rate and causes a general vasodilation .
A simple view of the hemodynamics of systemic arterial pressure is based around mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure. Most influences on blood pressure can be understood in terms of their effect on cardiac output, [77] systemic vascular resistance, or arterial stiffness (the inverse of arterial compliance). Cardiac output is the ...
The carotid sinus baroreceptor can be oversensitive to manual stimulation from the pressure applied at the carotid sinus at the carotid bifurcation. It is a condition known as 'carotid sinus hypersensitivity' (CSH), 'carotid sinus syndrome' or 'carotid sinus syncope', in which manual stimulation causes large changes in heart rate and blood ...
Low pressure baroreceptors are primarily involved in the regulation of the blood volume. Low pressure baroreceptors have both circulatory and renal effects, which produce changes in hormone secretion. Stimulation of these receptors causes the atria to release atrial natriuretic peptide. This hormone acts on the kidneys to increase sodium ...
Mayer waves are cyclic changes or waves in arterial blood pressure brought about by oscillations in the baroreceptor reflex control system. [1] [2] The waves are seen both in the ECG and in continuous blood pressure curves and have a frequency about 0.1 Hz (10-second waves).