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Association in psychology refers to a mental connection between concepts, events, or mental states that usually stems from specific experiences. [1] Associations are seen throughout several schools of thought in psychology including behaviorism , associationism , psychoanalysis , social psychology , and structuralism .
The phrase "association of ideas" was first used by John Locke in 1689. In chapter 33 of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which is entitled “Of the Association of Ideas″, he describes the ways that ideas can be connected to each other. [6] He writes, "Some of our ideas have a natural correspondence and connection with one another." [7]
John Locke had, meanwhile, introduced the phrase "association of ideas" as the title of a supplementary chapter incorporated with the fourth edition of his Essay, though with little or no suggestion of its general psychological import. Hume reduced the principles of association to three: similarity, contiguity in time and place, and cause and ...
The American Psychological Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychologists in the United States, [1] and the largest psychological association in the world. It has over 157,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. [ 1 ]
The associations made during the learning process have a biological basis that has been studied by neuroscientists for the last few decades. The convergence of the biologically important information drives the neural plasticity that is the basis of associative memory formation. [7]
Associations suffer when an item is shared between associations; double function pairs such as AB and BC will be harder to recall later than control pairs such as AB and CD. [8] As Caplan et al., [8] state double function pairs create what is called association ambiguity, a sharing of a common member in the pair, which leads to interference ...
Laws of association in Aristotle's psychology. Impressions are stored in the seat of perception, linked by the laws of similarity, contrast, and contiguity.. In psychology, the principal laws of association are contiguity, repetition, attention, pleasure-pain, and similarity.
The verbal associations are determined largely by a decoding of meaning reaction. The disposition of associations then guides the overt reaction. AGA defines the stimulus word as the unit of analysis (rather than individuals, groups, or society, etc.) and as the key unit in the perceptual representational system.