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Due to H. pylori 's role as a major cause of certain diseases (particularly cancers) and its consistently increasing resistance to antibiotic therapy, there is an obvious need for alternative treatments. [143]
First report of resistance of H. pylori to the antibiotic metronidazole. [52] Resistance of H. pylori to treatment will lead to the development of many different antibiotic and proton pump inhibitor regimens for eradication. [53] 1992 Fukuda et al. prove ingestion of H. pylori causes gastritis in rhesus monkeys. [4]
The mechanism by which H. pylori causes cancer may involve chronic inflammation, or the direct action of some of its virulence factors, for example, CagA has been implicated in carcinogenesis. [44] As reviewed by Chang and Parsonnet, [45] chronic H. pylori infection in the human stomach is characterized by chronic inflammation. [45]
Helicobacter heilmannii s.s. (H. heilmannii s.s.) is a species within the Helicobacter genus of Gram negative bacteria. [1] Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is by far the best known Helicobacter species primarily because humans infected with it may develop gastrointestinal tract diseases such as stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers of the non-lymphoma type, and ...
H. pylori can be diagnosed by testing the blood for antibodies, a urea breath test, testing the stool for signs of the bacteria, or a biopsy of the stomach. [1] Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include stomach cancer , coronary heart disease , and inflammation of the stomach lining or gallbladder inflammation .
The mechanism by which H. pylori causes cancer may involve chronic inflammation, or the direct action of some of its virulence factors, for example, CagA has been implicated in carcinogenesis. [7] Another bacteria that is in this genus is Helicobacter hepaticus, which causes hepatitis and liver cancer in mice. [8]
When caused by H. pylori this is now termed Helicobacter pylori induced gastritis, and included as a listed disease in ICD11. [6] [7] Less common causes include alcohol, smoking, cocaine, severe illness, autoimmune problems, radiation therapy and Crohn's disease.
Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato (i.e. H. heilmanni s.l.) is a grouping of non-H. pylori Helicobacter species that take as part of their definition a similarity to H. pylori in being associated with the development of stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, [11] duodenum ulcers, [12] stomach cancers that are not lymphomas, and extranodal ...
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