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Deception Island is in the South Shetland Islands close to the Antarctic Peninsula with a large and usually "safe" natural harbor, which is occasionally affected by the underlying active volcano. [ 1 ] [ better source needed ] This island is the caldera of an active volcano , which seriously damaged local scientific stations in 1967 and 1969.
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English: map of Deception Island with the topography and the location of the stations and protected zones. Date: 9 October 2010, 22:09 (UTC) Source: Ile_de_la ...
Deception Island map with topography and location of stations and protected zones. The harbour entrance named Neptune's Bellows is at bottom right. The centre of Deception Island is a caldera, formed by a gigantic volcanic eruption and later flooded. This has created the 10 by 7 km (6.2 by 4.3 mi) basin-like harbour of Port Foster.
An exception is the tephra of Deception Island, which is of trachyte and basaltic trachyandesite, richer in potassium and sodium. [12] Quaternary volcanic products of the islands tend to have less potassium and sodium at a given silica range, and lower Nb/Y ratios, than those associated with the Larsen Rift on the Antarctic Peninisula. [12]
Deception Island is an active volcano at the southern end of this rift zone. Notable fossil locations include the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island , Early Cretaceous sediments in Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island , and the sediments on Seymour Island , which include the Cretaceous extinction .
Location of Deception Island in the South Shetland Islands. Deception Island map with topography and location of stations and protected zones. Neptune's Bellows is a channel on the southeast side of Deception Island forming the entrance to Port Foster, in the South Shetland Islands.
The island experienced severe volcanic activity in 1967, 1969, and 1970. Gabriel de Castilla Base , a Spanish research station, was constructed on Deception Island in the late 1980s. Deception Island has also been home to scientific stations run by Argentina, Chile, Spain, and the United Kingdom.