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Approximating the area under the curve y = x 2 over [0, 2] using the right Riemann sum. Notice that because the function is monotonically increasing, the right Riemann sum will always overestimate the area contributed by each term in the sum (and do so maximally).
Riemann's original use of the explicit formula was to give an exact formula for the number of primes less than a given number. To do this, take F(log(y)) to be y 1/2 /log(y) for 0 ≤ y ≤ x and 0 elsewhere. Then the main term of the sum on the right is the number of primes less than x.
Generally speaking, Riemann solvers are specific methods for computing the numerical flux across a discontinuity in the Riemann problem. [1] They form an important part of high-resolution schemes; typically the right and left states for the Riemann problem are calculated using some form of nonlinear reconstruction, such as a flux limiter or a WENO method, and then used as the input for the ...
The variation formula computations above define the principal symbol of the mapping which sends a pseudo-Riemannian metric to its Riemann tensor, Ricci tensor, or scalar curvature.
The formula shows that the L-function of χ is equal to the L-function of the primitive character which induces χ, multiplied by only a finite number of factors. [ 6 ] As a special case, the L -function of the principal character χ 0 {\displaystyle \chi _{0}} modulo q can be expressed in terms of the Riemann zeta function : [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
In number theory, an Euler product is an expansion of a Dirichlet series into an infinite product indexed by prime numbers.The original such product was given for the sum of all positive integers raised to a certain power as proven by Leonhard Euler.
In numerical analysis, Riemann problems appear in a natural way in finite volume methods for the solution of conservation law equations due to the discreteness of the grid. For that it is widely used in computational fluid dynamics and in computational magnetohydrodynamics simulations. In these fields, Riemann problems are calculated using ...
Observe that the mean curvature is a trace, or average, of the second fundamental form, for any given component. Sometimes mean curvature is defined by multiplying the sum on the right-hand side by /. We can now write the Gauss–Codazzi equations as