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In organic chemistry, spherical aromaticity is formally used to describe an unusually stable nature of some spherical compounds such as fullerenes and polyhedral boranes. In 2000, Andreas Hirsch and coworkers in Erlangen , Germany , formulated a rule to determine when a spherical compound would be aromatic .
Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs, and they resemble the balls used in football (soccer). Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of stacked graphene sheets of linked hexagonal rings; but they may also contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings.
Kaffir Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix, C. papedia) – Kaolin – anti-caking agent Kapok seed oil , obtained from any of several related tree species, all referred to as "Kapok trees", for example: Ceiba pentandra , Bombax ceiba and Bombax costatum – used as an edible oil, and in soap production.
Kaffir lime leaves, Makrud lime leaves (Citrus hystrix) (Southeast Asia) Kala zeera, kala jira, black cumin (Bunium persicum) Keluak, kluwak, kepayang (Pangium edule) Kencur, kentjur, shan nai, sha jiang, sand ginger, galangal (Kaempferia galanga) (Java, Bali, China) Kinh gioi, Vietnamese balm (Elsholtzia ciliata)
70 has 10 additional atoms (shown in red) added to C 60 and a hemisphere rotated to fit. Another fairly common fullerene has empirical formula C 70, [30] but fullerenes with 72, 76, 84 and even up to 100 carbon atoms are commonly obtained. The smallest possible fullerene is the dodecahedral C 20. There are no fullerenes with 22 vertices. [31]
Fullerene or C 60 is soccer-ball-shaped or I h with 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons. According to Euler's theorem these 12 pentagons are required for closure of the carbon network consisting of n hexagons and C 60 is the first stable fullerene because it is the smallest possible to obey this rule.
Fullerides are chemical compounds containing fullerene anions. Common fullerides are derivatives of the most common fullerenes, i.e. C 60 and C 70. The scope of the area is large because multiple charges are possible, i.e., [C 60] n− (n = 1, 2...6), and all fullerenes can be converted to fullerides. The suffix "-ide" implies their negatively ...
Endohedral fullerenes show distinct and intriguing chemical properties that can be completely different from the encapsulated atom or molecule, as well as the fullerene itself. The encapsulated atoms have been shown to perform circular motions inside the C 60 cage, and their motion has been followed using NMR spectroscopy .