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The concepts of collectivism and individualism have been applied to high- and low-context cultures by Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede in his Cultural Dimensions Theory. [3] Collectivist societies prioritize the group over the individual, and vice versa for individualist ones.
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural psychology, developed by Geert Hofstede.It shows the effects of a society's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.
Allocentrism is closely related to collectivism; it is the psychological manifestation of collectivism. [10] Scholars have discussed collectivism since at least the 1930s. [11] Collectivism has been used to describe cultural level tendencies and has been described as a "broad cultural syndrome."
Collectivist cultures, such as those in East Asia, tend to display higher risk tolerance in financial decisions, a phenomenon explained by the "cushion hypothesis." This theory suggests that strong social networks in these cultures provide a safety net, allowing individuals to take financial risks with greater confidence, knowing they have the ...
Societies can also be organized through collectivist or individualistic means, which can have implications for economic growth, legal and political institutions and effectiveness and social relations. This is based on the premise that the organization of society is a reflection of its cultural, historical, social, political and economic ...
The term individualistic culture was first used in the 1980s by Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede to describe countries and cultures that are not collectivist; Hofstede created the term individualistic culture when he created a measurement for the five dimensions of cultural values.
Cultural psychology is often confused with cross-cultural psychology.Even though both fields influence each other, cultural psychology is distinct from cross-cultural psychology in that cross-cultural psychologists generally use culture as a means of testing the universality of psychological processes rather than determining how local cultural practices shape psychological processes. [12]
Whether a child or individual is raised in a collectivist or individualistic culture does not change this as well when comparing cultures from western and eastern cultures. [2] There still is a universal learning process humans and animals have that allows the transmission of information to be passed on to later generations, it is however just ...