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Adenoid hypertrophy, also known as enlarged adenoids refers to an enlargement of the adenoid (pharyngeal tonsil) that is linked to nasopharyngeal mechanical blockage and/or chronic inflammation. [1] Adenoid hypertrophy is a characterized by hearing loss , recurrent otitis media , mucopurulent rhinorrhea , chronic mouth breathing , nasal airway ...
An enlarged adenoid, or adenoid hypertrophy, can become nearly the size of a ping pong ball and completely block airflow through the nasal passages. Even if the enlarged adenoid is not substantial enough to physically block the back of the nose, it can obstruct airflow enough so that breathing through the nose requires an uncomfortable amount ...
Also, enlarged adenoids and tonsils may lead to the obstruction of the breathing patterns in children, causing apnea during sleep. The most common bacteria isolated are Haemophilus influenzae , group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus , Staphylococcus aureus , Moraxella catarrhalis , and Streptococcus pneumoniae .
In children, nasal congestion from enlarged adenoids has caused chronic sleep apnea with insufficient oxygen levels and hypoxia. The problem usually resolves after surgery to remove the adenoids and tonsils, however the problem often relapses later in life due to craniofacial alterations from chronic nasal congestion. [6]
Common, all ages, [8] typically children under 5 years [2] Adenovirus infection is a contagious viral disease , caused by adenoviruses , commonly resulting in a respiratory tract infection . [ 1 ] [ 9 ] Typical symptoms range from those of a common cold , such as nasal congestion , rhinitis , and cough , to difficulty breathing as in pneumonia ...
However, they are largest relative to the diameter of the throat in young children. In adults, each palatine tonsil normally measures up to 2.5 cm in length, 2.0 cm in width and 1.2 cm in thickness. [5] The adenoid grows until the age of 5, starts to shrink at the age of 7 and becomes small in adulthood. [medical citation needed]
Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoid for reasons which include impaired breathing through the nose, chronic infections, or recurrent earaches. The effectiveness of removing the adenoids in children to improve recurrent nasal symptoms and/or nasal obstruction has not been well studied. [1]
Follicular hyperplasia is common in children and young adults, but is not limited to any age; it is also common among the elderly and is non-sex specific. [1] Children often experience reactive lymph nodes when they are younger due to new exposure of environmental pathogens , even without development of an infection.