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The convalescent phase is characterized by gradual tissue depigmentation of skin with vitiligo and poliosis, sometimes with nummular depigmented scars, as well as alopecia and diffuse fundus depigmentation resulting in a classic orange-red discoloration ("sunset glow fundus" [5] [8] [7]) and retinal pigment epithelium clumping and/or migration.
Vitiligo (/ ˌ v ɪ t ɪ ˈ l aɪ ɡ oʊ /, vi-ti-leye-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure. [5] [6] Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy ...
The restoration of pigment may be aided by topical application of 0.1% 8-methoxypsoralen, 0.5–1% coal tar, or anthralin, followed by sun exposure. [9] With good outcomes, different topical photochemotherapy regimens (topical psoralen UVA; PUVA) have been utilized to treat postinflammatory hypopigmentation brought on by a variety of illnesses. [2]
Hypopigmentation can be caused by hereditary conditions such as vitiligo, melasma, pityriasis versicolor, pityriasis alba, albinism, and fungal infections. [ 4 ] Hyperpigmentation results from an increase in melanin synthesis, which is mostly brought on by sun exposure, dermatological disorders, hormones, aging, genetic factors, skin injuries ...
PUVA (psoralen and UVA) is an ultraviolet light therapy treatment for skin diseases: vitiligo, eczema, psoriasis, graft-versus-host disease, mycosis fungoides, large plaque parapsoriasis, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, using the sensitizing effects of the drug psoralen.
[1] [2] [6] Jackson's dermatologist, Arnold Klein, said he observed in 1983 that Jackson had vitiligo, [12] a condition characterized by patches of the skin losing their pigment. He also identified discoid lupus erythematosus in Jackson. He diagnosed Jackson with lupus that year, [12] and with vitiligo in 1986. [13]
Vitiligo: Topical steroids, including calcineurin inhibitors. Patients can also have transplants if they are stable or a depigmentation with topical MBEH if the patient has widespread discoloration. Chemical or drug induced leukoderma: Avoidance of causative agent with subsequent treatment similar to vitiligo. Piebaldism: None; occasionally ...
Autoinflammatory syndromes are a group of inherited disorders characterized by bouts of inflammatory skin lesions and periodic fevers. [29] [30] Blau syndrome Blau syndrome; Chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome; Familial cold urticaria (familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome) Familial Mediterranean fever; Hyper-IgD ...