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Mixed-mode chromatography (MMC), or multimodal chromatography, refers to chromatographic methods that utilize more than one form of interaction between the stationary phase and analytes in order to achieve their separation.
This is facilitated through the support of over 40 companies, and is particularly aided by the DDBST GmbH, which supplies the complete Dortmund Data Bank (DDB) and several software tools for free. The DDB, a factual data bank for thermodynamic data, especially phase equilibrium data, is the main source for the work of the consortium.
In June 2015, Juul introduced a pod mod device containing nicotine salt. [16] British American Tobacco stated that they have been using nicotine salts in their US Vuse e-liquid brand since 2012. [17] There has been a proliferation of pod-based products with high nicotine concentration, triggered by Juul's financial success. [9]
A pod mod with cartridges. Pod mods are a type of electronic cigarette used to vape nicotine through a mouthpiece connected to the body of the device by magnets. These devices are a newer generation of e-cigarettes that are often marketed to a younger crowd that do not wish to attract attention gained through regular e-cigarettes or traditional tobacco-burning cigarettes.
George Heilmeier proposed the dynamic scattering effect which causes a strong scattering of light when the electric field applied to a special liquid crystal mixture exceeds a threshold value. A DSM cell requires the following ingredients: a liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy (aligns the LC long axis perpendicular to the ...
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A liquid hitting a wall in a container will cause sloshing. The free surface effect is a mechanism which can cause a watercraft to become unstable and capsize. [1]It refers to the tendency of liquids — and of unbound aggregates of small solid objects, like seeds, gravel, or crushed ore, whose behavior approximates that of liquids — to move in response to changes in the attitude of a craft ...
The Margules activity model is a simple thermodynamic model for the excess Gibbs free energy of a liquid mixture introduced in 1895 by Max Margules. [1] [2] After Lewis had introduced the concept of the activity coefficient, the model could be used to derive an expression for the activity coefficients of a compound i in a liquid, a measure for the deviation from ideal solubility, also known as ...