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Malnourished infant. Child health and nutrition in Africa is concerned with the health care of children through adolescents in the various countries of Africa.The right to health and a nutritious and sufficient diet are internationally recognized human rights that are protected by international treaties.
Malnutrition can lead to an onslaught of additional health complications, [8] and eventually even death. [9] In fact, UNICEF found that 11.4% of deaths of South African children under five can be attributed to low weight, making low birth weight the second most prominent cause of children's death in South Africa. [10]
In addition, the areas in Africa with the highest rates of malnutrition also experience poverty which impact and limit the supply of food and necessary services. [33] For example, some experience limited access to health services, sanitation, clean water, consistent food supply. [33]
Mother and child health. Both maternal and child health are interdependent and substantially contributing to high burden of mortality worldwide. Every year, 289 000 women die due to complications in pregnancy and childbirth, and 6.6 million children below 5 years of age die of complications in the newborn period and of common childhood diseases. [1]
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Health in South Africa touches on various aspects of health including the infectious diseases (such as HIV/AIDS), Nutrition, Mental Health and Maternal care. The Human Rights Measurement Initiative [ 1 ] finds that South Africa is fulfilling 73.4% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to health based on its level of income. [ 2 ]
Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.
With a prediction of 85.7 million climate migrants in sub-Saharan Africa by 2050, Africa faces one of the worst refugee crisis of the generation. [23] When entire communities are forced to move during climate change migration there is a lack of access to lifesaving sexual and reproductive health services and programs. [24]