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They went from being a mostly rural population to one that was mostly urban. "The migration of African Americans from the rural south to the urban north became a mass movement." [16] The Great Migration radically transformed Chicago, both politically and culturally. [17] From 1910 to 1940, most African Americans who migrated north were from ...
Archibald Motley painting Blues (1929). The Chicago Black Renaissance (also known as the Black Chicago Renaissance) was a creative movement that blossomed out of the Chicago Black Belt on the city's South Side and spanned the 1930s and 1940s before a transformation in art and culture took place in the mid-1950s through the turn of the century.
Illinois' first African American newspaper was the Cairo Weekly Gazette, established in 1862. [1] The first in Chicago was The Chicago Conservator , established in 1878. An estimated 190 Black newspapers had been founded in Illinois by 1975, [ 2 ] and more have continued to be established in the decades since.
Pages in category "African-American history in Chicago" The following 85 pages are in this category, out of 85 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
African Americans have significantly contributed to the history, culture, and development of Illinois since the early 18th century. The African American presence dates back to the French colonial era where the French brought black slaves to the U.S. state of Illinois early in its history, [3] and spans periods of slavery, migration, civil rights movement, and more.
First and Second Great Migrations shown through changes in African American share of population in major U.S. cities, 1916–1930 and 1940–1970 In the context of the 20th-century history of the United States , the Second Great Migration was the migration of more than 5 million African Americans from the South to the Northeast , Midwest and West .
PCC streetcar, Chicago, 1950. 1950 Chess Records in business. [50] Population: 3,620,962. This was the peak of Chicago's population, which has been declining ever since. [51] 1953: American Indian Center, the oldest urban Native American center in the United States, opened. 1954: Johnson Products Company in business.
First African-American delegate to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization: Edith S. Sampson (See also: 1950) First African American to go over Niagara Falls: Nathan Boya a.k.a. William FitzGerald; First African American to join the PGA Tour: Charlie Sifford [229]