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Ailanthus altissima (/ eɪ ˈ l æ n θ ə s æ l ˈ t ɪ s ɪ m ə / ay-LAN-thəss al-TIH-sim-ə), [3] commonly known as tree of heaven, ghetto palm, Ailanthus, varnish tree, copal tree, stinking sumac, Chinese sumac, paradise tree, [4] or in Chinese as chouchun (Chinese: 臭椿; pinyin: chòuchūn), is a deciduous tree in the family Simaroubaceae. [1]
Ailanthus (/ ə ˈ l æ n θ ə s /; [2] derived from ailanto, an Ambonese word probably meaning "tree of the gods" or "tree of heaven") [3] is a genus of trees belonging to the family Simaroubaceae, in the order Sapindales (formerly Rutales or Geraniales). The genus is native from east Asia south to northern Australasia.
The best-known species is the temperate Chinese tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima, which has become a cosmopolitan weed tree of urban areas [5] and wildlands. [6] Well-known genera in the family include the tropical Quassia and Simarouba.
The fast-growing deciduous tree, the tree of heaven, can kill native plants, destroy infrastructure, and be incredibly tough to eradicate.
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The tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima, produces allelochemicals in its roots that inhibit the growth of many plants. Spotted knapweed (Centaurea) is considered an invasive plant that also utilizes allelopathy. [30] Another example of allelopathy is seen in Leucaena leucocephala, known as the miracle tree.
Ailanthus altissima is a tree native to China but is invasive to many other areas worldwide. It is considered to be the key host for L. delicatula and plays an important role in the lanternfly life cycle. [26] [27] This tree is the preferred host at all documented locations where the lanternfly and A. altissima co-occur. [28]
Ailanthus excelsa, commonly known as tree of heaven, is a large deciduous tree found in India and Sri Lanka. [1] In Tamil, it is also known as Pi-Nari Maram due to its disagreeable odor. The trees are grown along the edges of fields and rivers to mark boundaries and prevent soil erosion. [2]