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  2. Toe board - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toe_board

    If an accident happens and a roofer loses his/her footing, the 2x4 would stop the roofer from sliding down and/or off the roof. [1] More deaths occur in falls than for any other reason in the construction profession. [2] More generally, a toe board is a small vertical barrier attached to a raised floor or raised platform.

  3. Deck railing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deck_railing

    The top board is placed with the top at 35" from the deck. Then the vertical 2x2 pressure treated wood balusters are installed spaced regularly every 3.5". Then a 2x6 is installed horizontally across the top of the posts and to 2x4. The 2x6 should be fastened with screws to the posts and 2x4 boards for the most rigidity.

  4. Blocking (construction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking_(construction)

    When correctly placed, blocking also provides grounds (also backing or back blocking) for supporting the cut ends of wall claddings and linings or for attaching items such as cabinets, shelving, handrails, vanity tops and backsplashes, towel bars, decorative mouldings, etc. Properly placed grounds make the second fixings easier once the walls ...

  5. Framing (construction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(construction)

    Exterior wall studs are the vertical members to which the wall sheathing and cladding are attached. [14] They are supported on a bottom plate or foundation sill and in turn support the top plate. Studs usually consist of 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 -by- 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch (38 mm × 89 mm) or 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 -by- 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch (38 mm × 140 mm) lumber and are ...

  6. Wall stud - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_stud

    Studs are positioned perpendicular to the wall they’re forming to give strength and create space for wires, pipes and insulation. Studs are sandwiched between two horizontal boards called top and bottom plates. These boards are nailed or screwed to the top and bottom ends of the studs, forming the complete wall frame. Studs are usually spaced ...

  7. Height restriction laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height_restriction_laws

    Height restriction laws are laws that restrict the maximum height of structures. There are a variety of reasons for these measures. There are a variety of reasons for these measures. Some restrictions serve aesthetic values, such as blending in with other housing and not obscuring important landmarks.

  8. Lumber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumber

    For example, a "2×4" board historically started out as a green, rough board actually 2 by 4 inches (51 mm × 102 mm). After drying and planing, it would be smaller by a nonstandard amount. Today, a "2×4" board starts out as something smaller than 2 inches by 4 inches and not specified by standards, and after drying and planing is minimally 1 ...

  9. Building code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_code

    Minimum and maximum room ceiling heights, exit sizes and location; Qualification of individuals or corporations doing the work; For high structures, anti-collision markers for the benefit of aircraft; Building codes are generally separate from zoning ordinances, but exterior restrictions (such as setbacks) may fall into either category.