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Sweden, [f] formally the Kingdom of Sweden, [g] [h] is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), [ 4 ] Sweden is the largest Nordic country and the fifth-largest country in Europe.
Much of Sweden is heavily forested, with 69% [1] of the country being forest and woodland, while farmland constitutes only 8% of land use. [2] Sweden consists of 39,960 km 2 of water area, constituting around 95,700 lakes. [3] [A] The lakes are sometimes used for water power plants, especially the large northern rivers and lakes.
Finnish and Swedish Lappland was also one province until 1809. Historically, the provinces were grouped in three lands: Götaland, being southern and western Sweden; Svealand being eastern and south-eastern, and Norrland being the entire northern half. The names of the first two refer to ancient tribes, and the third is a geographical reference.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Sweden: Sweden – Scandinavian country in Northern Europe, situated between Norway and Finland. Sweden maintained a policy of neutrality in armed conflicts from 1814 until 2009, when it entered into various mutual defence treaties. Sweden joined NATO in 2024.
The demography of Sweden is monitored by the Statistiska centralbyrån (Statistics Sweden). Sweden's population was 10,555,448 (1 Nov 2023), making it the 15th-most populous country in Europe after Czech Republic, the 10th-most populous member state of the European Union, and the 89th-most populous country in the world.
The history of Sweden can be traced back to the melting of the Northern Polar Ice Caps.From as early as 12000 BC, humans have inhabited this area. Throughout the Stone Age, between 8000 BC and 6000 BC, early inhabitants used stone-crafting methods to make tools and weapons for hunting, gathering and fishing as means of survival. [1]
In Modern English, the name of Sweden (Swedish: Sverige [ˈsvæ̌rjɛ] ⓘ) is derived from 17th century Middle Dutch and Middle Low German.In Old English, the country was named Swēoland (literally "Swede land") and Swēorīċe (literally "Swede kingdom"); the latter is cognate with Old Norse Svíaríki.
Map of Sweden Stockholm, capital of Sweden Gothenburg Malmö. This is a list of cities in modern Sweden that once enjoyed city privileges, thus were entitled to call themselves town (Swedish: stad, plural städer). The year indicates the year they were established or when they were granted a royal charter.