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Basic research advances fundamental knowledge about the world. It focuses on creating and refuting or supporting theories that explain observed phenomena. Pure research is the source of most new scientific ideas and ways of thinking about the world. It can be exploratory, descriptive, or explanatory; however, explanatory research is the most ...
Pasteur's quadrant is a classification of scientific research projects that seek fundamental understanding of scientific problems, while also having immediate use for society. Louis Pasteur 's research is thought to exemplify this type of method, which bridges the gap between " basic " and " applied " research. [ 1 ]
These are derived from the three types of research defined in the Frascati Manual. [6] Field of Research (FOR) – This classification allows both R&D activity and other activity within the higher education sector to be categorised. Prior to ASRC 1998, this information was collected using a different set of indicators called Field of Research.
Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a ...
Vannevar Bush's 1945 report, Science: The Endless Frontier, made the argument for the value of basic research in the postwar era, and was the basis for many appeals to the federal funding of basic research. [6] The 1957 launch of Sputnik prompted the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research to sponsor blue skies research into the ...
A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question(s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...
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Design of experiments with full factorial design (left), response surface with second-degree polynomial (right) The design of experiments , also known as experiment design or experimental design , is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to reflect the variation.