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Treatment of metabolic alkalosis should be aimed at reversing these two factors. This topic will provide a brief overview of the pathogenesis of metabolic alkalosis followed by a discussion of how to treat affected patients.
Metabolic alkalosis treatment uses an intravenous (IV) line to deliver fluid and other substances, such as: Saline infusion. Potassium replacement. Magnesium replacement. Chloride infusion. Hydrochloric acid infusion. Stopping the medications that caused the condition, for example high doses of diuretics.
Treatment for metabolic alkalosis depends on whether your alkalosis is chloride-responsive or chloride-resistant. It also depends on the underlying cause of the alkalosis.
For severe metabolic alkalosis, don't rely on a single treatment (e.g., normal saline). Rather, a multimodal strategy may be most effective, with attention to all factors which may be perpetuating the metabolic alkalosis.
The treatment of metabolic alkalosis with volume contraction (urine Cl − < 20 mmol/L) targets the factors that maintain the alkalotic state: decreased GFR due to volume depletion, Cl − deficiency, and hypokalemia.
Treatment for metabolic alkalosis depends on the subtype a person has and the underlying cause.
Treatment |. Key Points. (See also Acid-Base Regulation and Acid-Base Disorders.) Overview of Metabolic Alkalosi... video. Etiology of Metabolic Alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis is bicarbonate (HCO3−) accumulation due to. Acid loss. Alkali administration. Intracellular shift of hydrogen ion (H+—as occurs in hypokalemia) Renal HCO3− retention.
Approach Considerations. The management of metabolic alkalosis depends primarily on the underlying etiology and on the patient’s volume status. In the case of vomiting, administer antiemetics, if...
Major clinical states are associated with metabolic alkalosis, including vomiting, aldosterone or cortisol excess, licorice ingestion, chloruretic diuretics, excess calcium alkali ingestion, and genetic diseases such as Bartter syndrome, Gitelman syndrome, and cystic brosis.
Treatment of cause. In metabolic alkalosis, replacement of water and electrolytes. In respiratory alkalosis, giving oxygen if necessary or providing calming reassurance to a person who is hyperventilating due to anxiety. Almost always, treatment of alkalosis is directed at reversing the cause. Doctors rarely simply give acid, such as ...