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NATO was established on 4 April 1949 via the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty (Washington Treaty). The 12 founding members of the Alliance were: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
The contributions of the 29 member countries are calculated according to a cost-sharing formula based on their gross national income. France also bears the direct costs linked to NATO operations in which it chooses to participate. Since 2006, NATO has set a long-term objective for each member country to devote 2% of its GDP to defense.
Map of NATO enlargement (1952–present). The history of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) begins in the immediate aftermath of World War II.In 1947, the United Kingdom and France signed the Treaty of Dunkirk and the United States set out the Truman Doctrine, the former to defend against a potential German attack and the latter to counter Soviet expansion.
Nato asks every member country to spend at least 2% of national income - also known as GDP - on defence. It is thought that 23 countries met that target in 2024 , compared to only three in 2014. [BBC]
Security organisation founded in 1949 now has 31 members who are set to spend $1.26trn on defence this year. The alliance has a collective military might of 3.5m army personnel to call upon
Negotiations in London and Paris in 1954 ended the allied occupation of West Germany and allowed for its rearmament as a NATO member. Twelve countries were part of NATO at the time of its founding: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Until France rejoined NATO, it was not represented on the Defence Planning Committee, and this led to conflicts between it and NATO members. [191] Such was the case in the lead up to Operation Iraqi Freedom. [192] Allied Command Operations (ACO) is the NATO command responsible for NATO operations worldwide. [193]
Emerging from World War II, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was established by 10 European countries, the United States and Canada to form a bulwark against the communist-ruled Soviet Union.