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In botany, a whorl or verticil is a whorled arrangement of leaves, sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem or stalk. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A leaf whorl consists of at least three elements; a pair of opposite leaves is not called a whorl.
A floral diagram is a graphic representation of the structure of a flower. It shows the number of floral organs, their arrangement and fusion. Different parts of the flower are represented by their respective symbols. Floral diagrams are useful for flower identification or can help in understanding angiosperm evolution.
A stereotypical flower is made up of four kinds of structures arranged in whorls around the tip of a short stalk or axis, called a receptacle. [11] [2] The four main whorls (starting from the base of the flower or lowest node and working upwards) are the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium.
Whorls of the same organ are separated by "+". Organ counts within a whorl can be separated by ":", for example when part of the whorl is morphologically different. A range can be given if the number is variable, e.g. when the formula summarizes a taxon. K 3+3 – a calyx with six free sepals, arranged as two separate whorls; A∞ – many stamens
Merosity (from the greek "méros," which means "having parts") refers to the number of component parts in a distinct whorl of a plant structure. [1] The term is most commonly used in the context of a flower where it refers to the number of sepals in a whorl of the calyx, the number of petals in a whorl of the corolla, the number of stamens in a whorl of the androecium, or the number of carpels ...
In the case that such a whorl is the androecium, the flowers are called male or staminate; while if the whorl present is the gynoecium, the flowers are called pistillate or female. There are some cases in which the flower does not present any of the reproductive whorls and only shows sepals and petals.
They are commonly depicted in bird-and-flower paintings, a broad category of classical Chinese art, and they are particularly popular subjects for ink wash painting. The Four Gentlemen are a recurring theme in art because of their long history as symbols of traditional Chinese virtues , such as uprightness, purity, humility, and perseverance ...
Examples of trees with whorled phyllotaxis are Brabejum stellatifolium [4] and the related genus Macadamia. [5] A whorl can occur as a basal structure where all the leaves are attached at the base of the shoot and the internodes are small or nonexistent. A basal whorl with a large number of leaves spread out in a circle is called a rosette.