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As a toxin, it can cause poisoning in monogastric animals, such as humans, through the consumption of raw or improperly prepared legumes, e.g., beans.Measured in haemagglutinating units (hau), a raw red kidney bean may contain up to 70,000 hau, but this is reduced to between 200 and 400 hau when properly cooked. [5]
The toxic compound phytohaemagglutinin, a lectin, is present in many common bean varieties but is especially concentrated in red kidney beans. White kidney beans contain about a third as many toxins as the red variety; broad beans (Vicia faba) contain 5 to 10% as much as red kidney beans. [7]
Kidney beans, cooked by boiling, are 67% water, 23% carbohydrates, 9% protein, and contain negligible fat.In a 100-gram reference amount, cooked kidney beans provide 532 kJ (127 kcal) of food energy, and are a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, folate (33% DV), iron (22% DV), and phosphorus (20% DV), with moderate amounts (10–19% DV) of thiamine, copper, magnesium ...
The beetle tolerates a range of humidity and temperature, making it adaptable in climates worldwide. Its developmental time varies with factors such as humidity, temperature, legume type, crowding, and inbreeding levels in the population. [5] [7] A bean that is too dry will be impossible for the larva to bore into, and wet beans may have fungal ...
Lima bean, butter bean, sieva bean, double bean, Madagascar bean Fabaceae: Raw beans contain dangerous amounts of linamarin, a cyanogenic glycoside. [27] Phaseolus vulgaris: kidney bean, common bean Fabaceae: Phytohaemagglutinin, a toxic lectin, is present in many
Like many beans, raw lima beans are toxic (containing e.g. phytohaemagglutinin) if not boiled for at least 10 minutes. Canned beans can be eaten without having to be boiled first, as they are pre-cooked. [26] The lima bean can contain anti-nutrients like phytic acids, saponin, oxalate, tannin, and trypsin inhibitor. These inhibit the absorption ...
These beetles specialize on legumes of the tribe Phaseoleae, which includes many types of beans used for food. Host plants include mung bean (Vigna radiata), adzuki bean (V. angularis), rice bean (V. umbellata), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Bambara groundnut (V. subterranea), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), lablab (Lablab purpureus), and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). [1]
Phaseolus polystachios. Phaseolus polystachios, also known as the thicket bean or wild kidney bean, is a perennial, herbaceous vine that is native to North America. [2] [1] It is unique among the Phaseolus in that its native range extends across the eastern temperate United States to southeast Canada, while most Phaseolus are tropical or subtropical. [2]