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In celestial navigation, lunar distance, also called a lunar, is the angular distance between the Moon and another celestial body. The lunar distances method uses this angle and a nautical almanac to calculate Greenwich time if so desired, or by extension any other time. That calculated time can be used in solving a spherical triangle.
In contrast, the Lunar distance (LD or ), or Earth–Moon characteristic distance, is a unit of measure in astronomy. More technically, it is the semi-major axis of the geocentric lunar orbit . The lunar distance is on average approximately 385,000 km (239,000 mi), or 1.28 light-seconds ; this is roughly 30 times Earth's diameter or 9.5 times ...
Chart of the far side of the moon with lines of longitude and latitude. The selenographic coordinate system is used to refer to locations on the surface of Earth 's moon . Any position on the lunar surface can be referenced by specifying two numerical values, which are comparable to the latitude and longitude of Earth.
This is not a lunar period, though the calendar month is historically related to the visible lunar phase. The Moon's distance from Earth and Moon phases in 2014. Moon phases: 0 (1)— new moon , 0.25—first quarter, 0.5— full moon , 0.75—last quarter
A diagram of a typical nautical sextant, a tool used in celestial navigation to measure the angle between two objects viewed by means of its optical sight. Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the practice of position fixing using stars and other celestial bodies that enables a navigator to accurately determine their actual current physical position in space or on the ...
A scroll in the lower left panel of the map is inscribed with instructions on how to use the map and a lunar distance measurement to calculate longitude: it states that by observing the edge of the Moon's disc in relation to a known star, or a lunar eclipse, it is possible to calculate longitude at the point of observation by calculating local ...
Lunar distance LD ≈ 384 402 km. [15] Average distance between the center of Earth and the center of the Moon. astronomical unit au. Defined as 149 597 870 700 m. [16] Approximately the distance between the Earth and Sun. light-year ly ≈ 9 460 730 472 580.8 km. The distance that light travels in a vacuum in one Julian year. [17]
The lunar distance is the angle between a suitable star and the Moon. The dotted lines show the distances between Aldebaran and the Moon, 5 hours apart. Moon not to scale. "Lunars" or lunar distances were an early proposal for the calculation of longitude, having been first made practical by Regiomontanus in his 1474 Ephemerides Astronomicae.