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The second is the World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO), of more than 450 worldwide members, of which FTAANZ is one. Fairtrade (one word) refers to FLO-certified commodities and associated products. Fair trade (two words) encompasses the wider fair trade movement, including the Fairtrade commodities and other artisan craft products.
An investigation into the limits of Fair Trade as a development tool and the risk of clean-washing, HEI Working Papers, vol. 6, Geneva: Economics Section, Graduate Institute of International Studies, October. Mohan, S. (2010), Fair Trade Without the Froth – a dispassionate economic analysis of 'Fair Trade', London: Institute of Economic Affairs.
Fairtrade International was established in 1997. It set private standards relating to labour, cooperative organisation, and the governance of the Fairtrade benefits. The organisation was divided in January 2004 into two independent organisations: [5]
The Fair Trade Organization Mark (WFTO Logo) shows that an organization follows the WFTO's 10 Principles of Fair Trade, covering working conditions, transparency, wages, the environment, gender equity and more. The WFTO logo is not a product mark - it is used to brand organisations that are committed to 100% Fair Trade. It sets them apart from ...
Fair trade principles have deep roots in European societies long before the first structured alternative trading organizations (ATOs) emerged following World War II. Many of the fundamental concepts behind fair trade actually show a great resemblance with pre-capitalist ideas about the organization of the economy and society.
The Fair Trade Federation does not certify individual products, but instead evaluates an entire business. The FTO Mark, launched in 2004 by World Fair Trade Organization, and identifies registered fair trade organizations. UTZ Certified is a coffee certification program that has sometimes been dubbed "Fairtrade lite". [17]
Relatively little fair-trade coffee originates from the poorest countries. Purported social investments of the fair-trade system lack transparency. The fair-trade system is inefficient at transferring coffee consumers’ goodwill to producers. Direct trade is probably more efficient and sustainable than fair trade.
The Trade Justice Movement in the UK was the first formal coalition of groups to use the term "trade justice" (partly because in the UK, "fair trade" usually refers to Fairtrade certification and is a consumer model of change rather than an overtly political movement calling for government action).