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The hydrometer sinks deeper in low-density liquids such as kerosene, gasoline, and alcohol, and less deep in high-density liquids such as brine, milk, and acids. It is usual for hydrometers to be used with dense liquids to have the mark 1.000 (for water) near the top of the stem, and those for use with lighter liquids to have 1.000 near the bottom.
The ultrasonic density meter calculates the sonic velocity by using the known distance between the transmitter and receiver and the measured transit time. The measuring instrument can now calculate the density, as it is dependent on the sound velocity. [3] Another method that is utilized in ultrasonic meters is the envelope energy average method.
A measuring cup, a common instrument used to measure volume. Buoyant weight (solids) Eudiometer, pneumatic trough (gases) Flow measurement devices (liquids) Graduated cylinder (liquids) Measuring cup (grained solids, liquids) Overflow trough (solids) Pipette (liquids) If the mass density of a solid is known, weighing allows to calculate the volume.
Instrumentation includes sensing devices to measure process parameters such as pressure, temperature, liquid level, flow, velocity, composition, density, weight; and mechanical and electrical parameters such as vibration, position, power, current and voltage. [1]
By setting the tube in motion and measuring the natural frequency, the mass of the fluid contained in the tube can be deduced. Dividing the mass on the known volume of the tube gives us the density of the fluid. An instantaneous density measurement allows the calculation of flow in volume per time by dividing mass flow with density.
Furthermore, a direct measure of the density of the fluid is obtained. Coriolis measurement can be very accurate irrespective of the type of gas or liquid that is measured; the same measurement tube can be used for hydrogen gas and bitumen without recalibration. [citation needed] Coriolis flowmeters can be used for the measurement of natural ...
U-tube with piezo-electric actuator Digital density measuring principle. The oscillating U-tube is a technique to determine the density of liquids and gases based on an electronic measurement of the frequency of oscillation, from which the density value is calculated. This measuring principle is based on the Mass-Spring Model.
The measurement is carried out according to the hydrostatic principle. The gravity pressure of the liquid column causes an expansion of the pressure-sensitive sensor element, which converts the measured pressure into an electrical standard signal. The connecting cable of level probes has several tasks to fulfil.