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Dual electrification is a system whereby a railway line is supplied power both via overhead catenary and a third rail. This is done to enable trains that use either system of power to share the same railway line, for example in the case of mainline and suburban trains (as used at Hamburg S-Bahn between 1940 and 1955).
By the 1930s, the PRR had switched to overhead catenary electrification, but the LIRR has continued utilizing its third rail system. Voltage was increased from 600 V DC to 750 V DC in the early 1970s to meet the greater power needs of the railroad's new M-1 cars.
Overhead Line Electrification for Railways. "Network Rail A Guide to Overhead Electrification Revision 10" (PDF). Network Rail. February 2015. Boocock, Colin (1991). East Coast Electrification. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1979-7. Semmens, P.W.B. (March 1991). Electrifying the East Coast Route: Making of Britain's First 140m.p.h. Railway.
The development of 25 kV AC electrification is closely connected with that of successfully using utility frequency. The East Coast Main Line in the United Kingdom is electrified using 25 kV 50 Hz overhead lines. This electrification is ideal for railways that cover long distances or carry heavy traffic.
This includes providing £750,000 to Riding Sunbeams to develop and trial an innovative connection between renewable electricity generation and overhead electrification." Show comments Advertisement
Overhead Line Electrification for Railways (6th ed.). ISBN 978-0-903489-15-7. "Network Rail A Guide to Overhead Electrification Revision 10" (PDF). Network Rail. February 2015. Nock, O.S. (1965). Britain's new railway: Electrification of the London-Midland main lines from Euston to Birmingham, Stoke-on-Trent, Crewe, Liverpool and Manchester ...
The overhead wiring, generally having two separate overhead lines and the rail for the third phase, was more complicated, and the low frequency used required a separate generation or conversion and distribution system. Train speed was restricted to one to four speeds, with two or four speeds obtained by pole-changing or cascade operation or both.
The third rail system resulted, not surprisingly, in a number of accidents. It also resulted in a decree from the Connecticut Supreme Court on June 13, 1906 forbidding the use of third rail electrification within the state. [2] The New Haven was forced by this decision to design their main line electrification system using overhead catenary.