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Aplastic anemia must be differentiated from pure red cell aplasia. In aplastic anemia, the patient has pancytopenia (i.e., also leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) resulting in a decrease of all formed elements. In contrast, pure red cell aplasia is characterized by a reduction in red cells only.
Aplastic anemia patients present with symptoms related to a decrease in hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow. The onset is gradual, and the first symptom is frequently anemia or bleeding, though a high temperature or infections may be present at the onset.
Erythropoiesis – process of creating red blood cells; Hemolytic anemia – reduced number of red blood cells due to destruction of the cells after they were made; Nutritional anemia – reduced number of red blood cells due to vitamin deficiency or other dietary factors; Spherocytosis- the shape of red blood cell becomes spherical than bi ...
Pancytopenia – when all three types of blood cells; red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are all deficient. This is a life-threatening disorder that is a characteristic of aplastic anemia. [3] There are also two general causes of cytopenia: autoimmune and refractory.
While acquired aplastic anemia with an unknown cause is rare, it is commonly permanent and life-threatening as half of those with this condition die within the first six months. [ 10 ] The prevalence of bone marrow failure is over three times higher in Japan and East Asia than in the United States and Europe. [ 10 ]
Spur cell hemolytic anemia: Spur cell hemolytic anemia is a form of hemolytic anemia that results when free cholesterol binds to the red blood cell's membrane increasing its surface area, causing later deformities such as rough or thorny projections on the erythrocyte named acanthocytes. This condition is caused by the deceased liver's ...
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or erythroblastopenia refers to a type of aplastic anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but usually not to white blood cells. In PRCA, the bone marrow ceases to produce red blood cells. There are multiple etiologies that can cause PRCA.
Myelophthisic anemia (or myelophthisis) is a severe type of anemia found in some people with diseases that affect the bone marrow. Myelophthisis refers to the displacement of hemopoietic bone-marrow tissue [1] by fibrosis, tumors, or granulomas. The word comes from the roots myelo-, which refers to bone marrow, and phthisis, shrinkage or atrophy.