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Aplastic anemia must be differentiated from pure red cell aplasia. In aplastic anemia, the patient has pancytopenia (i.e., also leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) resulting in a decrease of all formed elements. In contrast, pure red cell aplasia is characterized by a reduction in red cells only.
Aplastic anemia patients present with symptoms related to a decrease in hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow. The onset is gradual, and the first symptom is frequently anemia or bleeding, though a high temperature or infections may be present at the onset.
Erythropoiesis – process of creating red blood cells; Hemolytic anemia – reduced number of red blood cells due to destruction of the cells after they were made; Nutritional anemia – reduced number of red blood cells due to vitamin deficiency or other dietary factors; Spherocytosis- the shape of red blood cell becomes spherical than bi ...
The treatment for anemia is rest and a diet consisting of high iron foods. Medication can also be used such as: [citation needed] Epoetin alfa, a synthetic erythropoietin that stimulates stem cells to produce red blood cells. Darbepoetin alfa stimulates red blood cells but requires less daily doses and less disruption in activities.
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or erythroblastopenia refers to a type of aplastic anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but usually not to white blood cells. In PRCA, the bone marrow ceases to produce red blood cells. There are multiple etiologies that can cause PRCA.
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Anemia is typically a chronic process that is compensated over time by increased levels of red blood cells via upregulated erythropoetin. A chronic hypoxic state can result from a poorly compensated anaemia.
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