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The langley (Ly) is a unit of heat transmission, especially used to express the rate of solar radiation (or insolation) received by the earth. The unit was proposed by Franz Linke in 1942 [ 1 ] and named after Samuel Langley (1834–1906) in 1947.
The calorie is defined as the amount of thermal energy necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 Celsius degree, from a temperature of 14.5 °C, at a pressure of 1 atm. For thermochemistry a calorie of 4.184 J is used, but other calories have also been defined, such as the International Steam Table calorie of 4.1868 J .
The two most important forms of renewable energy, solar and wind, are intermittent energy sources: they are not available constantly, resulting in lower capacity factors. In contrast, fossil fuel power plants, nuclear power plants and hydropower are usually able to produce precisely the amount of energy an electricity grid requires at a given ...
The theoretical and conceptual basis for the emergy methodology is grounded in thermodynamics [citation needed], general system theory [2] and systems ecology. [3] Evolution of the theory by Howard T. Odum over the first thirty years is reviewed in Environmental Accounting [1] and in the volume edited by C. A. S. Hall titled Maximum Power.
Primary energy, energy contained in raw fuels and any other forms of energy received by a system as input to the system. Radiant energy, energy that is transported by waves; Rotational energy, part of an object's total kinetic energy due to its rotation; Solar radiation, radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy
Forms of energy include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object (for instance due to its position in a field), the elastic energy stored in a solid object, chemical energy associated with chemical reactions, the radiant energy carried by electromagnetic radiation, the internal energy contained within a ...
The solar wind is quite different from a terrestrial wind, in that its origin is the Sun, and it is composed of charged particles that have escaped the Sun's atmosphere. Similar to the solar wind, the planetary wind is composed of light gases that escape planetary atmospheres. Over long periods of time, the planetary wind can radically change ...
S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM), also known under the commercial names of SAMe, SAM-e, or AdoMet, is a common cosubstrate involved in methyl group transfers, transsulfuration, and aminopropylation. Although these anabolic reactions occur throughout the body, most SAM is produced and consumed in the liver. [ 1 ]