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DESeq2 is a software package in the field of bioinformatics and computational biology for the statistical programming language R.It is primarily employed for the analysis of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data to identify differentially expressed genes between different experimental conditions.
This leads to the idea of rewriting "modulo commutativity" where a term is in normal form if no rules but commutativity apply. [8] Weakly but not strongly normalizing rewrite system [9] The system {b → a, b → c, c → b, c → d} (pictured) is an example of a weakly normalizing but not strongly normalizing system.
This could lead to security issues similar to the one described in the previous section. Therefore, if one wants to apply some filter (e.g., a regular expression written in UTF-8) to UTF-8 strings that will later be passed to a decoder that allows invalid byte sequences, one should canonicalize the strings before passing them to the filter.
Text normalization is the process of transforming text into a single canonical form that it might not have had before. Normalizing text before storing or processing it allows for separation of concerns, since input is guaranteed to be consistent before operations are performed on it. Text normalization requires being aware of what type of text ...
In another usage in statistics, normalization refers to the creation of shifted and scaled versions of statistics, where the intention is that these normalized values allow the comparison of corresponding normalized values for different datasets in a way that eliminates the effects of certain gross influences, as in an anomaly time series. Some ...
fastqp Simple FASTQ quality assessment using Python. Kraken: [9] A set of tools for quality control and analysis of high-throughput sequence data. HTSeq [10] The Python script htseq-qa takes a file with sequencing reads (either raw or aligned reads) and produces a PDF file with useful plots to assess the technical quality of a run.
To quantile normalize two or more distributions to each other, without a reference distribution, sort as before, then set to the average (usually, arithmetic mean) of the distributions. So the highest value in all cases becomes the mean of the highest values, the second highest value becomes the mean of the second highest values, and so on.
Normalized compression distance (NCD) is a way of measuring the similarity between two objects, be it two documents, two letters, two emails, two music scores, two languages, two programs, two pictures, two systems, two genomes, to name a few. Such a measurement should not be application dependent or arbitrary.