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The 21st century has seen a shift in gender roles due to multiple factors such as new family structures, education, media, and several others. A 2003 survey by the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicated that about 1/3 of wives may earn more than their husbands.
In the 1990s and the first decades of the 21st century, intersectionality played a major role in feminist theory, leading to the development of transfeminism and queer feminism and the consolidation of Black, anti-racist and postcolonial feminisms, among others. [36]
There is a gender pay gap: even with the same level of education and occupational role, women earn much less than men, [5] though research suggests this is largely due to women working fewer hours than men overall for reasons such as caring for children or lifestyle factors, rather than direct discrimination.
Many jobs are dominated by one gender. Stacker used data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics to rank the 20 jobs with the widest gender gaps.
However, the 1950s did witness a return to traditional gender roles and values. The number of women in the workforce decreased from 37% to 32% by 1950 due to women giving up their jobs for men returning from war. [30] The media also emphasized the domestic role of women rather than encouraging women to work as it had just a decade earlier. [28]
In the 21st century, women have achieved greater representation in prominent roles in American life. The study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities. The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories ...
Gender is used as a means of describing the distinction between the biological sex and socialized aspects of femininity and masculinity. [9] According to West and Zimmerman, gender is not a personal trait; it is "an emergent feature of social situations: both as an outcome of and a rationale for various social arrangements, and as a means of legitimating one of the most fundamental divisions ...
Women remained dependent on men to provide, this dependence led to male roles being more valued in society which still remains in the 21st century. [ 1 ] The divisions of labor ensures people with specific skill sets end up in certain jobs in order to benefit society.