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Recent evidence indicates that the members of the LDL receptor gene family are active in the cell signalling pathways between specialized cells in many, if not all, multicellular organisms. [5] [6] There are seven members of the LDLR family in mammals, namely: LDLR; VLDL receptor ; ApoER2, or LRP8; Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4
The receptor also recognizes apolipoprotein E (ApoE) which is found in chylomicron remnants and IDL. In humans, the LDL receptor protein is encoded by the LDLR gene on chromosome 19. [6] [7] [8] It belongs to the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family. [9] It is most significantly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and adrenal gland ...
VLDLR is a member of the low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, which is entirely composed of type I transmembrane lipoprotein receptors. The structural differences of the LDL receptor family. This image represents the similarities in structural domains among the members, as well as the extra cysteine repeat present on the VLDL receptor.
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), also known as alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor (A2MR), apolipoprotein E receptor (APOER) or cluster of differentiation 91 (CD91), is a protein forming a receptor found in the plasma membrane of cells involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. In humans, the LRP1 protein is encoded by the ...
LRP6 is a transmembrane low-density lipoprotein receptor that shares a similar structure with LRP5. In each protein, about 85% of its 1600- amino-acid length is extracellular. Each has four YWTD β-propeller motifs at the amino terminal end that alternate with four epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, followed by three LDLR type A repeats.
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (Ox-LDL receptor 1) also known as lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OLR1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] LOX-1 is the main receptor for oxidized LDL on endothelial cells , macrophages , smooth muscle cells , [ 7 ] and other cell types. [ 8 ]
The role that is most commonly associated with this evolutionarily ancient gene family is the endocytosis and removal of low-density lipoprotein(LDL), the main carrier of cholesterol in the circulation of humans, by the liver. Indeed, the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis through this mechanism remains the sole known function of the family ...
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein that transport all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water. [1] These groups, from least dense to most dense, are chylomicrons (aka ULDL by the overall density naming convention), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL ...