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The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head. It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) , a cranial nerve . It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye , and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp , as well as other structures of the head.
The trigeminal nerve carries general somatic afferent fibers (GSA), which innervate the skin of the face via ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2) and mandibular (V3) divisions. The trigeminal nerve also carries special visceral efferent (SVE) axons, which innervate the muscles of mastication via the mandibular (V3) division.
The nasociliary nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) (which is in turn a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It is intermediate in size between the other two branches of the ophthalmic nerve, the frontal nerve and lacrimal nerve. [1]
The long ciliary nerves are 2-3 [1] nerves that arise from the nasociliary nerve (itself a branch of the ophthalmic branch (CN V 1) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)).They enter the eyeball to provide sensory innervation to parts of the eye, and sympathetic visceral motor innervation to the dilator pupillae muscle.
The underlying mechanism involves a reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) within the trigeminal ganglion supplying the ophthalmic nerve (the first division of the trigeminal nerve). Diagnosis is generally based on signs and symptoms. [2] Alternatively, fluid collected from the rash may be analyzed for VZV DNA using real-time PCR.
Trigeminal neuralgia. This disorder is characterized by episodes of severe facial pain along the trigeminal nerve divisions. The trigeminal nerve is a paired cranial nerve that has three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V 1), the maxillary nerve (V 2), and the mandibular nerve (V 3). One, two, or all three branches of the nerve may be ...
The trigeminal nerve goes from the brain to the face and branches out into three locations (hence the tri in the name). One branch runs along the scalp, providing sensation there. The second ...
The oculomotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), abducens nerve (VI) and the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (V1) travel through the cavernous sinus into the superior orbital fissure, passing out of the skull into the orbit. The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) passes through foramen rotundum in the sphenoid bone.