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Airway resistance can also change over time. During an asthma attack the airways constrict causing an increase in airway resistance. Airway resistance can also vary between inspiration and expiration: In emphysema there is destruction of the elastic tissue of the lungs which help hold the small airways open. Therefore, during expiration ...
Dead space is the volume of air that is inhaled that does not take part in the gas exchange, because it either remains in the conducting airways or reaches alveoli that are not perfused or poorly perfused. It means that not all the air in each breath is available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Airway management includes a set of maneuvers and medical procedures performed to prevent and relieve airway obstruction. This ensures an open pathway for gas exchange between a patient's lungs and the atmosphere. [1] This is accomplished by either clearing a previously obstructed airway; or by preventing airway obstruction in cases such as ...
Artificial ventilation or respiration is when a machine assists in a metabolic process to exchange gases in the body by pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration. [ 1 ] A machine called a ventilator provides the person air manually by moving air in and out of the lungs when an individual is unable to breathe on their ...
Pulmonary edema (British English: oedema), also known as pulmonary congestion, is excessive fluid accumulation in the tissue or air spaces (usually alveoli) of the lungs. [ 1 ] This leads to impaired gas exchange, most often leading to shortness of breath (dyspnea) which can progress to hypoxemia and respiratory failure.
Impulse oscillometry (IOS), also known as respiratory oscillometry, forced oscillatory technique (FOT), or just oscillometry, is a non-invasive lung function test that measures the mechanical properties of the respiratory system, particularly the upper and intrathoracic airways, lung tissue and chest wall, usually during the patient's tidal breathing (the way someone breathes when they are ...
Pendelluft. Pendelluft (Derived from the German words for pendulum and air. [1]) refers to the movement of gas between two regions of the lung, usually between regions of differing compliance or airway resistance. Pendelluft is an important physiological concept to take into account during mechanical ventilation, particularly in patients with ...
Nasal congestion. Other names. Nasal blockage, nasal obstruction, blocked nose, stuffy nose, plugged nose. Medical products for diminution of nasal congestion. Specialty. Otorhinolaryngology. Nasal congestion is the partial or complete blockage of nasal passages, leading to impaired nasal breathing, usually due to membranes lining the nose ...