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Usage of the flutter valve presents potential problems such as clogging of the chest tube, which might provoke the recurrence of the pneumothorax or the subcutaneous emphysema, which can lead to empyema. Another potential problem leaks of fluid, which are resolved with a small chest-drain; or with a sputum-trap attached to the valve, to ...
A primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) tends to occur in a young adult without underlying lung problems, and usually causes limited symptoms. Chest pain and sometimes mild breathlessness are the usual predominant presenting features. [12] [13] In newborns tachypnea, cyanosis and grunting are the most common presenting symptoms. [14]
They are typically used to treat open, or "sucking," chest wounds (open pneumothorax) to prevent a tension pneumothorax (a serious complication of a simple pneumothorax). In that case, they are commonly made with an opened side that lets air go out but not in.
Treatment of the underlying cause is crucial. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is started as soon as culture results are available, or if infection is suspected (whichever is earlier). Empirical therapy may be appropriate if local microbiological surveillance is efficient. Where possible the origin of the infection is removed.
Chest tubes are also provided in right angle, trocar, flared, and tapered configurations for different drainage needs. As well, some chest tubes are coated with heparin to help prevent thrombus formation, though the effect of this is disputed. [16] Chest tube have an end hole (proximal, toward the patient) and a series of side holes.
The guideline makes several other recommendations to prevent line infections. [14] To prevent infection, stringent cleaning of the catheter insertion site is advised. Povidone-iodine solution is often used for such cleaning, but chlorhexidine appears to be twice as effective as iodine. [15] Routine replacement of lines makes no difference in ...
Early diagnosis is important to prevent complications, which include stenosis (narrowing) of the airway, respiratory tract infection, and damage to the lung tissue. Diagnosis involves procedures such as bronchoscopy, radiography, and x-ray computed tomography to visualize the tracheobronchial tree.
X-ray and CT of ground glass opacities and pneumothorax in pneumocystis pneumonia. [7] Pneumothorax is a well-known complication of PCP. [8] Also, a condition similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may occur in patients with severe Pneumocystis pneumonia, and such individuals may require intubation. [9]