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2. Solid-state relay - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_relay

   Solid state relay with green LED Solid state contactor PCB mount solid-state DIL relay. A solid state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device that switches on or off when an external voltage (AC or DC) is applied across its control terminals. They serve the same function as an electromechanical relay, but solid-state electronics contain ...

3. Solid-state electronics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_electronics

   The term solid-state became popular at the beginning of the semiconductor era in the 1960s to distinguish this new technology. A semiconductor device works by controlling an electric current consisting of electrons or holes moving within a solid crystalline piece of semiconducting material such as silicon, while the thermionic vacuum tubes it replaced worked by controlling a current of ...

4. Zero-crossing control - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-crossing_control

   This is in relation to solid-state relays, such as TRIACs and silicon controlled rectifiers. [1] The purpose of the circuit is to start the TRIAC conducting very near the time point when the load voltage is crossing zero (at the beginning or the middle of each AC cycle represented by a sine wave), so that the output voltage begins as a complete ...

5. Opto-isolator - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-isolator

   An optocoupled solid-state relay contains a photodiode opto-isolator which drives a power switch, usually a complementary pair of MOSFETs. A slotted optical switch contains a source of light and a sensor, but its optical channel is open, allowing modulation of light by external objects obstructing the path of light or reflecting light into the ...

6. Silicon controlled rectifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_controlled_rectifier

   Early solid-state pinball machines made use of these to control lights, solenoids, and other functions electronically, instead of mechanically, hence the name solid-state. Other applications include power switching circuits, controlled rectifiers, speed control of DC shunt motors, SCR crowbars, computer logic circuits, timing circuits, and ...

7. Protective relay - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protective_relay

   Distance relays are actually double actuating quantity relays with one coil energized by voltage and other coil by current. The current element produces a positive or pick up torque while the voltage element produces a negative or reset torque. The relay operates only when the V/I ratio falls below a predetermined value (or set value). During a ...

8. Numerical relay - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_relay

   In some solid-state relays, a simple microprocessor does some of the relay logic, but the logic is fixed and simple. For instance, in some time overcurrent solid state relays, the incoming AC current is first converted into a small signal AC value, then the AC is fed into a rectifier and filter that converts the AC to a DC value proportionate ...

9. Step recovery diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step_recovery_diode

   Signal of a SRD frequency comb generator (HP 33003A) Circuit symbol In electronics, a step recovery diode (SRD, snap-off diode or charge-storage diode or memory varactor [a]) is a semiconductor junction diode with the ability to generate extremely short pulses.