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Ezekiel 1 is the first chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet / priest Ezekiel , and is one of the Books of the Prophets .
Ezekiel's vision of the four living creatures in Ezekiel 1 are identified as cherubim in Ezekiel 10, [1] who are God's throne bearers. [2] Cherubim as minor guardian deities [3] of temple or palace thresholds are known throughout the Ancient East. Each of Ezekiel's cherubim have four faces, that of a man, a lion, an ox, and an eagle. [2]
• The angelic creatures and accompanying wheels seen by Ezekiel in Chapter 1 are referred to by the spiritual song Ezekiel Saw the Wheel. In the Command & Conquer video game series, the Nod Stealth Tank is sometimes referred to as the "Ezekiel Wheel", referring to the same passage.
[6] [8] However, the Targum Jonathan on Ezekiel 1:1 and the 2nd-century rabbinic work Seder Olam Rabba (chapter 26) interpret it to mean "in the thirtieth year after Josiah was presented with a Book of the Law discovered in the Temple" in 622 BCE, the time of Josiah's reforms and Jeremiah's prophecies.
The noun merkavah "thing to ride in, cart" is derived from the consonantal root רכב r-k-b with the general meaning "to ride". The word "chariot" is found 44 times in the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible—most of them referring to normal chariots on earth, [5] and although the concept of the Merkabah is associated with Ezekiel's vision (), the word is not explicitly written in Ezekiel 1.
The names are mentioned together in Ezekiel chapter 38, where Gog is an individual and Magog is his land. [1] The meaning of the name Gog remains uncertain, and in any case, the author of the Ezekiel prophecy seems to attach no particular importance to it. [1]
Just as in the case of the latter, the purely aggadic explanations of Ezekiel 1 (as found, for instance, in Hagigah 13b) must not be taken into consideration. It is declared that this chapter of Ezekiel may be studied even by young pupils, because a boy can seldom recognize the doctrines implied in it.
The ancient sages also referred to him by the name Ophan (אוֹפַן "wheel"), a reference to the "wheel within the wheel" from Ezekiel's vision of the heavenly chariot in the Book of Ezekiel chapter 1. [8] Sandalphon is also said to be instrumental in bringing about the differentiation of sex in the embryo. [7]