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The wasps occasionally build nests that form a complete ring which have no more than 40 cells in one row, [5] but usually the nests resemble an open ring with the open cells facing the center. This has caused the nests to be characterized as "bracket-like" or "horseshoe-like."
The most common of these nesting strategies is building mud nests, which are frequently communal in contrast to most other spider wasp groups. [4] As typical of the rest of the family, the Ageniellini provision their nests with a single spider and then lay an egg on it. [ 1 ]
It has been found that this specific nest odor is learned after wasps first emerge from the nest. Wasps are then able to use this scent for comparison to distinguish between members of their own colony and wasps from alien colonies. Members of the nest react aggressively towards alien wasps without the familiar, distinct odor that enter their nest.
Synoeca septentrionalis is one of five species of wasps in the genus Synoeca. [1] It is a swarm-founding wasp that is also eusocial, [2] exhibiting complicated nest structure and defense mechanisms [3] and a colony cycle including a pre-emergence phase and a post-emergence phase. [4] It is typically found in areas from Central to South America. [3]
The organ pipe mud dauber gets its name from the distinctive shape and composition of its nests. It is native to eastern North America. Organ pipe mud daubers are also an exceedingly docile species of wasp, and generally beneficial to have around, as they serve to keep spider populations down; larvae feed on living paralyzed spiders. [2]
Microstigmus, or the thin-waisted social wasps, is a small genus wasp in the family Pemphredonidae. [1] This genus is found in the Neotropical realm from Central to South America. They build nests and live in colonies ranging in size from 1 to 18 members. [2] Microstigmus is widely considered to be the only true eusocial species of apoid wasp. [3]
Parischnogaster striatula is a species of social hover wasps found in Southeast Asia. Their nests are uniquely shaped, mimic their surroundings and, like the other Stenogastrinae social wasps, lack a nest pedicel. They are also unique in their use of glandular secretion when laying eggs.
Brachygastra scutellaris is a part of the family Vespidae and the subfamily Polistinae as well as the tribe Epiponini.As is characteristic of the Vespidae, B. scutellaris is a eusocial wasp, which refers to the complex organization of behavior defined by: living in groups, cooperative care of young, reproductive division of labor and reproductive castes and an overlap of generations. [3]