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A lightning strike or lightning bolt is a lightning event in which an electric discharge takes place between the atmosphere and the ground. Most originate in a cumulonimbus cloud and terminate on the ground, called cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning.
IEC 61000-4-5 is an international standard by the International Electrotechnical Commission on surge immunity. In an electrical installation, disruptive surges can appear on power and data lines.
Single sensor lightning detectors have been used on aircraft and while the lightning direction can be determined from a crossed loop sensor, the distance can not be determined reliably because the signal amplitude varies between the individual strokes described above, [11]: 115 and these systems use amplitude to estimate distance. Because the ...
The view from Malibu, California, as a early morning monsoon storm moving north up the coast created a huge lightning show that could be seen from Orange County to Santa Barbara County on Friday ...
Typical lightning strike 10 5: 100 kA Low range of Birkeland current that creates Earth's aurorae 140 kA "Sq" current of one daytime vortex within the ionospheric dynamo region: 180 kA Typical current used in electric arc furnace for ferroalloys [11] 10 6: 1 MA High range of Birkeland current: 5 MA Flux tube between Jupiter and Io (moon) [12] 26 MA
The NLDN uses 106 sensors nationwide to triangulate lightning strikes. Data from the detection grid is fed into ALDARS, which in turn sends messages to each automated airport station informing it of the proximity of any lightning strikes. Lightning strikes within 5 miles (8.0 km) of the station result in a report of a thunderstorm at the ...
Lightning injuries are divided into direct strikes, side splash, contact injury, and ground current. [1] Ground current occurs when the lightning strikes nearby and travels to the person through the ground. [1] Side splash makes up about a third of cases and occurs when lightning strikes nearby and jumps through the air to the person. [1]
where E z is the vertical component of the electric field at the receiver in a distance ρ from the transmitter, E o is the electric field of a Hertzian dipole in free space, and = the angular frequency. In free space, it is =. Evidently, the Earth–ionosphere waveguide is dispersive because the transfer function depends on frequency.