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İstiklal Avenue (Turkish: İstiklal Caddesi, lit. 'Independence Avenue') is a 1.4 kilometre (0.87 mi) pedestrian street in the historic Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul , Turkey . It is one of the most famous avenues in the city.
Pera became a flourishing trade colony, ruled by a podestà. The Genoese Palace (Palazzo del Comune) was built in 1316 [10] by Montano de Marinis, the Podestà of Galata (Pera), and still remains today in ruins, near the Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Karaköy, along with its adjacent buildings and numerous Genoese houses from the early ...
İstiklal Caddesi (Independence Avenue), a long pedestrian shopping street, ends at this square, and a nostalgic tram runs from the square along the avenue, ending near the Tünel (1875) which is the world's second-oldest subway line after London's Underground (1863). In addition to serving as the main transfer point for the municipal bus ...
Çiçek Pasajı (Turkish: Flower Passage), originally called the Cité de Péra, is a famous historic passage (galleria or arcade) on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. A covered arcade with rows of historic cafes, winehouses and restaurants, it connects İstiklal Avenue with Sahne Street and has a side entrance ...
Around 1990, the Istiklal Caddesi became a pedestrian zone, and the tram was restored and revived in 1990, in the form of the Taksim-Tünel Nostalgia Tramway. After a 24-year absence, trams returned to Istanbul. The length of the line is 1.64 kilometers (1.02 mi) [2] and there are 5 stops.
Erected once again, the edifice burned for the third time in 1767 and was finally rebuilt for the fifth time in 1769. [2] After each catastrophe the icon of the Virgin could always be rescued, and embellishes still today the main altar. [2] Together with St. Anthony of Padua, also on Istiklal Caddesi, and SS.
Tünel — the upper station on Tünel Square (Tünel Meydanı), located at the southern end of Istiklal Avenue; The upper station stands 61.55 metres (201.9 ft) above the lower one. The gradient of the tunnel varies along its length from 2 percent to 15 percent.
Connection to the İstiklal Avenue heritage tram line, to Taksim Square, is available just outside the station. About two blocks away is the İstiklal Avenue entrance to the Şişhane metro station on the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro. Since Beyoğlu is located within a mostly pedestrian area, no immediate connection to city buses is available.