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A single parent is a person who has a child or children but does not have a spouse or live-in partner to assist in the upbringing or support of the child. Reasons for becoming a single parent include death, divorce, break-up, abandonment, becoming widowed, domestic violence, rape, childbirth by a single person or single-person adoption.
Single parents in the United States have become more common since the second half of the 20th century. In the United States, since the 1960s, there has been an increase in the number of children living with a single parent. The jump was caused by an increase in births to unmarried women and by the increasing prevalence of divorces among couples.
Studies [2] [10] [11] [7] [12] have shown that living with one parent can impact a child's education attainment.. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development report in 2009 compared how reading grades from students in single-parent families (SSPF) compared with grades from students living in other families in countries throughout the world. [10]
The percentage of single-parent households has doubled in the last three decades, but that percentage tripled between 1900 and 1950. [9] The sense of marriage as a "permanent" institution has been weakened, allowing individuals to consider leaving marriages more readily than they may have in the past. [10] Increasingly, single-parent families ...
A study of 1880 family structures in Philadelphia, showed that three-quarters of black families were nuclear families, composed of two parents and children. [19] Data from U.S. census reports reveal that between 1880 and 1960, married households consisting of two-parent homes were the most widespread form of African-American family structures ...
Family structure is changing drastically and there is a vast variety of different family structures: "The modern family is increasingly complex and has changed profoundly, with greater acceptance for unmarried cohabitation, divorce, single-parent families, same-sex partnerships and complex extended family relations. Grandparents are also doing ...
Single-mother and lower-class families have a much more difficult time negotiating childcare or finding sustainable childcare options. [47] The breadwinner-homemaker family and economic model does not apply to single-parent families because the single-parent must be both roles at all times. [48]
The parent may have sole custody of the children, or separated parents may have a shared-parenting arrangement where the children divide their time (possibly equally) between two different single-parent families or between one single-parent family and one blended family. As compared to sole custody, physical, mental and social well-being of ...