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Atrial flutter with variable block. Inverted flutter waves in II, III + aVF with atrial rate ~ 300 bpm; Positive flutter waves in V1 resembling P waves; The degree of AV block varies from 2:1 to 4:1
Atrial flutter, a supraventricular arrhythmia, is one of the most common rhythm disturbances of the heart. A fast atrial rate with a fixed or variable ventricular rate characterizes it. Several atrial contractions to one ventricular contraction, and symptoms include fatigue, palpitations, and syncope.
Atrial flutter is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by rapid, regular atrial depolarizations at a characteristic rate of approximately 300 beats/min and a typically regular ventricular rate of approximately 150 beats/min (image 1). This topic will discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of atrial flutter.
In typical cases of atrial flutter the atrial rate is around 300 beats per minute with a 2:1 block, which yields a ventricular rate of about 150 beats per minute. One should always consider atrial flutter when confronted with a regular tachyarrhythmia at 150 beats per minute.
Atrial flutter, a heart rhythm problem, occurs because of a malfunction in heart’s electrical system, leading to a faster-than-normal heart rate. When the heart functions normally, electrical impulses originate within the upper right-hand chamber of the heart, in an area called the sinoatrial node.
The typical resting heart rate is about 60 to 100 beats a minute. But in atrial flutter, the heart's upper chambers beat too quickly. This causes the heart to beat in a fast, but usually organized, way.
Last updated: 22 Apr 2024. Summary. Atrial flutter is typically characterised on the ECG by flutter waves, which are a saw-tooth pattern of atrial activation, most prominent in leads II, III, aVF, and V1. Atrial rates are typically above 250 bpm and up to 320 bpm.