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A diagram of a panemone whose wind-catching panels are arranged to turn edge-on to the wind when moving against the wind's thrust, and side-on when moving downwind to harness the wind's motion. A panemone windmill is a type of vertical-axis wind turbine. It has a rotating axis positioned vertically, while the wind-catching blades move parallel ...
Panemone windmill: The earliest recorded windmill design found was Persian in origin, and was invented around the 7th-9th centuries. [20] [21] 9th century. Algebra discipline: Al-Khwarizmi is considered the father of the algebra discipline. The word Algebra comes from the Arabic الجبر (al-jabr) in the title of his book Ilm al-jabr wa'l ...
Historically, the use of wind for mechanical energy dates back 3000 years in Iran and China, with the Iranian vertical-axis windmills spreading across the Islamic world and eventually influencing European windmill design. [39] Bastam and Kharghan Cultural (ii)(iii)(iv) 5198. 09/08/2007
The windmills at Kinderdijk in the village of Kinderdijk, Netherlands is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, by tradition specifically to mill grain (), but in some parts of the English-speaking world, the term has also been extended to encompass windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications.
Its design shares close similarities with the Mustansiriya Madrasa (completed in 1233), which has led some scholars to argue that it was actually a madrasa. [81] These scholars have commonly identified it as most likely being the Madrasa al-Sharabiya, a school for Islamic theology built in 1230 by Sharif al-Din Iqbal, [ 82 ] [ 83 ] [ 84 ] [ 81 ...
A mashrabiya or mashrabiyya (Arabic: مشربية) is an architectural element which is characteristic of traditional architecture in the Islamic world and beyond. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a type of projecting oriel window enclosed with carved wood latticework located on the upper floors of a building, sometimes enhanced with stained glass .
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A windcatcher, wind tower, or wind scoop (Persian: بادگیر) is a traditional architectural element used to create cross ventilation and passive cooling in buildings. [1]